A review of energy production from organic fraction of municipal solid waste using anaerobic digestion and its effective factors

The ever increasing consumption of fossil fuels might have led to rapid economic growth in different societies, but the resulting pollutants have faced the globe with threatening changes. According to the carried out predictions, only reusable energy sources could supply the energy demands of the earth by ۲۰۳۰-۲۱۰۰. Hence, biogas will be one of the most vital energy sources of the future. The scarcity of available landfills and the formation of a significant amount of waste is a major environmental issue. As a result, local governments are currently facing the challenge of waste management and the matter could have severe environmental consequences in case no action is taken towards waste management and controlling the gas emission of landfills due to the organic pollutants, nitrogen compounds and heavy metals present in the waste. Various methods have been introduced for waste management, including compost, waste burning, landfills, anaerobic digestion, and gas production and recycling. Some of these disposal methods could be the answer for environmental issues as well and thus have attracted the attention of the public and the benefactors. Anaerobic digestion is one of the effective methods in biological processing of organic waste, which is superior compared to the aerobic digestion method (compost), due to its shorter retention time, higher degradability and other advantages such as producing flammable gas.