Examination of chemical composition of collagen extracted from skin of rutilus kutum in the caspian sea and evaluation of chitosan-collagen gel on second-degree burn wound healing in rats

IntroductionBurn is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in the world, with severe economic and social consequences. Our aim in this study was to investigate the effect of collagen-chitosan gel extracted from Rutilus kutum and shrimp in the treatment of second degree burn wounds in rats.MethodsIn this study, chitosan and collagen were extracted respectively from shrimp and Rtilus Kutum skin waste by the acid-base method and evaluated using Pico.Tag, SDS-PAGE, FTIR and UV spectrophotography. In order to examine the process of second-degree wound healing, the extracted gel was used on rats. Burn therapy was performed in two stages: 1- First stage; Determining the most effective ratio of collagen-chitosan gel (collagen/chitosan ratio) with three different proportions (1:3, 1:1, 3:1) of Rutilus kutum collagen-chitosan (RKC0.75, RKC0.5 and RKC0.25). 2- Second stage: Comparing the target group (collagen-chitosan gel) with the control group. At this stage, the rats were divided into five groups of eight (n=8). The first group: 1% collagen gel, 2nd group: 1% collagen-chitosan gel, 3rd group: 1% chitosan gel, 4th group: silver sulfadiazine ointment, and group 5: without-drug. Healing burn wound was studied by two methods of measuring wound surface area with Image.j on days 15 and 25; and histopathologic examination was carried out based on the mean of epithelialization, fibroblastic cells, acute and chronic inflammatory cells, angiogenesis, collagen network and the amount of collagen on the 15th and 30th days after burn.ResultsThis study based on the examining the most effective ratio of collagen-chitosan inRutilus kutum in terms of wound surface area measurement. The group with collagen-chitosan gel with a ratio of 1:1 (RKC0.5) had the greatest effect and the group with RKC0.25 had less effect on burn wound healing than the other two groups. The results of the comparison between the target group (collagen-chitosan gel) and control showed that on days 15 and 25 after burn, the group with collagen-chitosan gel had a significant difference with the silver sulfadiazine and without-drug groups (p <0.005). The results also claimed that wound healing in the group with collagen-chitosan gel was completely improved on day 25 and silver sulfadiazine group had the highest wound surface area among other groups.Histopathologic study showed that there was a significant difference between groups in the 15th and 30th days after burn (p<0.05) and the groups with collagen gel, chitosan gel and collagen-chitosan gel had higher scores and better results than the two groups of silver sulfadiazine and without-drug groups on days 15 and 30